This is a very common English pattern: bake>baking, for example.
Yes, a combining vowel is used between a word root and a suffix that begins with a consonant to facilitate pronunciation and maintain word structure.
Suffix
Suffix
add the suffix
the letter i
The difference in the vowel sounds is due to the syllable stress in each word. In "volcano," the stress falls on the first syllable "vol," making the "o" a long vowel sound. In "volcanic," the stress falls on the second syllable "can," making the "a" a short vowel sound. The placement of stress in a word can affect the pronunciation of vowels.
ummm....... marry-marries
Examples of nouns ending in -y that is preceded by a vowel:alleyboycaychimneydaydonkeyessayjoykeymonkeyplaytoyturkeyvalleyway
No, -ly is a suffix, meaning that is added on to the ending to make it past tense of future tense or present tense.
The combining vowel is usually dropped when adding a suffix that begins with a vowel sound. This is to avoid having two vowels in a row, which could make pronunciation awkward. Dropping the combining vowel helps maintain the original pronunciation of the word.
There are four set of criteria for doubling the final consonant of a word when adding a suffix. If said word ends in a single consonant, has a single preceding that vowel, has an accent on the last syllable, and the suffix being added begins with a vowel, the final consonant in the word is doubled.
marry - marries hurry - hurries carry - carries deny - denied