The country that holds power over smaller and weaker powers is called a colonial power. Such as the British were the colonial power ruling over India.
The Declaration of Independence, although it does not explicitly say that government derives it's power from the people, does state many of the reasons why.
An absolute monarchy is a government in which the ruler holds absolute power over his country. Many absolute monarchs from the past believed that they had a divine right to power from God, and that therefore limits should not be placed upon their power.
The military rule is the form of government that many countries adopted after the war.
Italy is an example of an unitary government. However, there are many more countries with this form of government, including Chile, Haiti, Portugal. and Panama. An unitary government is one in which the central government has all the power.
One holds power and that is the king.
Governments in many countries (but not all) support nuclear power because it is a useful technology for producing power, but it needs to be well controlled because of the inherent dangers. Therefore there has to be licensing of power plants and the licensing authority is always government supported.
Many new countries adopted a democratic form of government after the war.
5 veto power countries in the world
In many places where the cartels are in full power, the government has no control. Collusion and cartels are not unstable because in many countries, they have overtook the central governments.
If the reference is to political power, it is shared between the President and Congress. Of the three branches of government (Executive, Legislative, and Judicial) the executive and legislative make and approve laws, and the judicial is there to make sure that they are lawful.
That depends on the country you have in mind. But generally speaking, a Parliament has the power to make and approve laws, the power to approve or reject the Government's yearly budget and in many countries the power to send away the Government or individual Ministers if the majority of Parliament has lost its trust in them.
More than 20 countries in Asia and Africa do not have a democratic form of government.