The arable land was mostly in small pockets in valleys separated by mountains, rivers and seas. Incoming migratory tribes to a portion each to farm and later each developed cities, becoming independent city-states which had no reason to merge with competing other city-states.
to lead the life in better way
Not at all. The war began when the restive Greek city-states within the Persian Empire revolted.
The Peloponnesian War ended the Golden Age of Greece and lead to the battling for the dominance between the city-states. Leadership of the Greek states first passed from Athens to Thebes and then to Macedonia.
The Ionan Revolt of Greek city-states within the Persian Empire, which spread through interference by mainland Greek cities in support of the revolt.
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The Greek city-states of Asia Minor revolted against Persian rule.
Through the 5th Century BCE they were the pre-eminent city-states in the Greek world, and after being allies to lead the resistence against the Persian invasion, became adversaries in the 27-year Peloponnesian War which devastated the Greek world.
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The Greek cities so weakened themselves that they became an easy target. Their takeover strengthened Macedonia sufficiently for it then to takeover the Persian Empire.
Rome wanted to control the Mediterranean Sea.
Hγούμαι [eegoome]
Lead