How Pennsylvannia got its motto?

Answer 1

The motto, Virtue, Liberty and Independence, first appeared on the Pennsylvania coat of arms designed by Caleb Lownes in 1778. Between 1778 and 1873, numerous modifications and changes were made to the coat of arms until, in 1874, the Pennsylvania Legislature appointed a commission to establish an official version. In 1875, the commission adopted a coat of arms virtually identical to the design established by Mr. Lownes in 1778.