because of the cement that can hold them tightly
reinforced concrete prise
Reinforced concrete is made by placing steel bars in the tension zone of the beam x-section.
It proves shear reinforcement in the beam.
to resist shear force
25 mm cover should be given
Under reinforced is that in which provided steel ratio is less than balanced steel ratio. Concrete beams are designed as under reinforced beams. The reason is that the failure start by yielding of steel instead of crushing of concrete. Mian Yaqoob
A singly reinforced beam only has steel reinforcement on the tension side (along the bottom of the cross section) where as a doubly reinforced beam has steel reinforcement on both the tension and compression sides, ie. the top and bottom of the cross section.
A Cantilever bridge is built from iron, structural steel and prestressed and reinforced concrete. These materials make the trusses, box girders, vertical columns and the canitlever itself.
RCC stands for reinforced concrete cement. it is a building structure made by combining the steel rod with cement concrete mixture. like beam ,pillers etc.
Doubly reinforced concrete and singly reinforced concrete are two types of reinforced concrete structures that differ in the way reinforcement is provided to resist tensile forces. Singly Reinforced Concrete: Singly reinforced concrete refers to a structural element (such as a beam or a slab) where reinforcement is provided only on one side to resist tensile forces. Typically, steel reinforcement in the form of bars or meshes is embedded in the concrete in the tension zone, where the concrete is subjected to tensile stresses. The reinforcement helps to carry the tensile forces, while the concrete primarily resists compressive forces. Singly reinforced concrete is commonly used in many structural applications. Doubly Reinforced Concrete: Doubly reinforced concrete refers to a structural element where reinforcement is provided on both sides to resist tensile forces in different zones. In addition to the primary reinforcement on the tension side, secondary reinforcement is also provided on the compression side to increase the structural strength and control the development of cracks. The secondary reinforcement helps balance the tensile and compressive forces, improving the overall performance and load-carrying capacity of the element. Doubly reinforced concrete is often used in situations where higher strength and resistance to cracking are required, such as in deep beams or heavily loaded structural members. The decision to use singly or doubly reinforced concrete depends on factors such as the structural requirements, loads, span lengths, and design considerations. Doubly reinforced concrete is typically employed in situations where the loads are higher or where there is a need to control deflection or cracking to a greater extent. It provides enhanced strength and ductility to the structural element. However, it also requires careful design and detailing to ensure proper placement and spacing of the reinforcement on both sides. It's important to note that the design and implementation of reinforced concrete structures should always be carried out by qualified structural engineers who consider the specific project requirements, local building codes, and safety factors.
When the maximum stresses in steel and concrete simultaniously reaches allowable value the section is called balanced section when the %of steel in a section is less than that required for a balanced section it is under reinforced section when the %of steel in a section is more than that required for a balanced section it is over reinforced sectionover reinforcement is as per section design I.e Ast1+Ast2>Ast Ast1+Ast2
The neutral axis of a reinforced concrete beam is the area where the beam is neither in a state of tension or a state of compression. This is determined by having the length and breadth of the beam available.