A Light bulb lights in a complete circuit because then the electricity from the battery can travel round the wire that has no breaks. BUT the switch has to be close.
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A circuit is complete
It has components that are arranged end to end in order to produce light.
to complete the circuit you have to add 1 light bulb.
it will not shine
circuit
It doesn't matter where the bulb is in respect to the battery, as long as the circuit is complete, the bulb will light up.
battery, wire, and light bulb
If you are talking about the light circuit then : The Battery, The bulb and the wire.
When one wire or terminal is not connected to a light bulb, it is not possible for electricity to complete the circuit. When a circuit is not completed, the bulb will not light. An off switch, for example, breaks the circuit.
Either the bulb gets blown itself or the tungsten wire melts and opens the circuit, causing the light bulb to fuse.
The simplist answers is that electricity needs to complete a circuit fully. It stops flowing because there is no complete circuit. The switch is a device for opening and closing the circuit. When the switch is in the off position the circuit is said to be open and electricity cannot flow.
A light bulb can be part of a circuit.