Some rear spoilers do not so much increase 'downforce' as reduce 'upforce'. Take for example the shape of the "new VW Beetles", and think about how the wing of a plane works...as they both have the same effect. The air going over the top (of the VW or a plane's wing) has to travel further than the air going under the bottom (which is pretty flat in either case). So the air over the top actually travels faster than the air underneath...which reduces the pressure of the faster moving air, and generates "lift".
If you are designing a plane's wing, extra lift is a good thing! If you are designing a car, extra lift is BAD. The spoiler interrupts the laminar flow across the top of the car, and therefore breaks it up and reduces how much 'lift' the car's shape is generating.
True, full race car 'wings' generate lots of downforce...but I suspect most rear spoilers are reducing lift more than generating downforce.
They create down force on the car for more traction and car control. F1 Spoilers act in the same way as an airplane wing, only upside down, creating low pressure areas under the spoilers. They create down force on the car for more traction and car control.
The spoiler on a car is meant to create down force on the back or front of a car depending on where it's placed... Which means that yes it does increase friction but it also helps with traction at higher speeds
The term was first applied to cars in 1963, having derived from aeronautics. The mechanical devise 'spoils' the lift of the aircraft, or in this case, car. This in turn aids in the optimization of traction. Please see the related link below:
A spoiler is a wing on the rear of a car to Create down force for more grip when cornering at speed
The more weight over the drive wheels, the more traction.
Air travels across the spoiler and creates downward force. This puts pressure on the axle, which in turn gives a better grip on the roadway.
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A car spoiler is an aerodynamic device located on the rear of a vehicle that is designed to disrupt airflow in a way that reduces lift and increases traction at higher speeds. Spoilers can improve the handling and stability of a car by enhancing its aerodynamics.
car has 4 wheels and more traction in a turn
Depending how the car is driven determines is the car uses more gas. If the brakes are applied while driving faster in the rain, the traction control would kick in and use more gas.
Traction is, at its essence, friction. It gives the tires grip, allowing the vehicle to move. Allowing it to accelerate, brake and corner. Without it(like on ice) you wouldn't have control of the car and it could spin out, slide off the road or run into of cars.
Spoilers are tilted at an angle to push air downwards when passing through the space between the spoiler and the surface of the car, enabling more speed.