In the varying input condition, the zener diode is used in such a that any variation in the input voltage,should not in any affect the load (that is the arrangement supplies just the voltage needed by the load no matter how high or low the supply voltage might go).
In the varying load condition, the zener diode is connected in such a way that any change in the load voltage should not affect the input voltage.
The dropper diode voltage regulator is a type of voltage regulator. It is comprised of a single diode that serves as the voltage regulating device.
zener diode
It is a voltage regulator
Because the voltage/current curve is not as steep as we would like and because the diode is too sensitive to thermal effects in this area.
a diode and it has a constant voltage across it ANSWER: acts as a voltage regulator if enough current flows to create a breakdown voltage.
By Varying the impurity concentration
if the voltage across the diode is less than the cut-in voltage of that particular diode .
Work in reverse bias.(breakdown at a particular voltage to keep the volt. constant so used as voltage regulator) same as diode when forward biased.
The PIV (Peak Inverse Voltage) rating of a diode is the maximum voltage that you should apply to it in the reverse biased condition. Exceeding this voltage can destroy the diode.
avalanche
By Varying the impurity concentration
A: At one time it was used for a regulator because in the reverse voltage breakdown it has the characteristic of keeping the voltage constant as voltage is increased. IT has being replaced by many three terminal regulator with much better regulation and temperature coefficient