Ideally an official copyright should be filed pre publication, as soon as possible after completion of the work. Many of the reasons are covered in the US Copyright Office FAQ...
"Registration is recommended for a number of reasons. Many choose to register their works because they wish to have the facts of their copyright on the public record and have a certificate of registration. Registered works may be eligible for statutory damages and attorney's fees in successful litigation. Finally, if registration occurs within 5 years of publication, it is considered prima facie evidence in a court of law."
As to How to file a copyright just follow the procedures set out by the US Copyright Office at... http://www.copyright.gov/eco/
Your country's copyright office.
yes
yes
Registration is not required for protection. If you wish to register anyway, you may do so through Access Copyright at the link below.
Works are protected by copyright as soon as they are "fixed." If you wish to register a work with the copyright office, you may do so.
It depends what country you are in.
No, but you can register it as a trademark.
Registering a Copyright OnlineYes, you can. Go to this website: http://www.copyright.gov/forms/ which is the Electronic Copyright Office.
To copyright quotes, you can include them in a larger work that you register for copyright protection. This will protect the quotes as part of the overall work. Additionally, you can also register individual quotes with the U.S. Copyright Office, but keep in mind that the quote must be original and meet the requirements for copyright protection.
You cannot copyright a business name, but you can register it as a trademark.
Works are automatically protected once they are fixed, but you can register your art with the copyright office if you wish.
The songs are automatically protected by copyright as soon as they are fixed (written down or recorded), but if you wish to register them with the copyright office, yes, you can register a group of works under one application.