How are Talmud and the Hebrew bible different?

Answer 1

The Tanakh is the Hebrew Bible - the Torah, the Prophets, and the Writings. It is also considered to be the entire Bible by the Jews.

In the Christian Bible, the Tanakh is the first part. Today and Christians refer to translations of the Tanakh as the Old Testament or Old Covenant, however, the early church re-arranged the ancient order of books (The Jews still preserve the original order). These Scriptures contain approximately 80% of the whole of The Bible.

Answer 2

They are the same thing. All 24 books of the Hebrew Bible form the "Tanakh":

1. (בראשית / Bereshit) - Genesis

2. (שמות / Shemot) - Exodus

3. (ויקרא / Vayikra) - Leviticus

4. (במדבר / Bamidbar) - Numbers

5. (דברים / Devarim) - Deuteronomy

6. (יהושע / Y'hoshua) - Joshua

7. (שופטים / Shophtim) - Judges

8. (שמואל / Sh'muel) - Samuel (I & II)

9. (מלכים / M'lakhim) - Kings (I & II)

10. (ישעיה / Y'shayahu) - Isaiah

11. (ירמיה / Yir'mi'yahu) - Jeremiah

12. (יחזקאל / Y'khezqel) - Ezekiel

13. The Twelve Prophets (תרי עשר)

a. (הושע / Hoshea) - Hosea

b. (יואל / Yo'el) - Joel

c. (עמוס / Amos) - Amos

d. (עובדיה / Ovadyah) - Obadiah

e. (יונה / Yonah) - Jonah

f. (מיכה / Mikhah) - Micah

g. (נחום / Nakhum) - Nahum

h. (חבקוק /Havakuk) - Habakkuk

i. (צפניה / Ts'phanyah) - Zephaniah

j. (×—×’×™ / Khagai) - Haggai

k. (זכריה / Z'kharyah) - Zechariah

l. (מלאכי / Mal'akhi) - Malachi

14. (תהלים / Tehillim) - Psalms

15. (משלי / Mishlei) - Proverbs

16. (איוב / Iyov) - Job

17. (שיר השירים / Shir Hashirim) - Song of Songs

18. (רות / Rut) - Ruth

19. (איכה / Eikhah) - Lamentations

20. (קהלת / Kohelet) - Ecclesiastes

21. (אסתר / Esther) - Esther

22. (דניאל / Dani'el) - Daniel

23. (עזרא ונחמיה / Ezra v'Nechemia) - Ezra-Nehemiah

24. (דברי הימים / Divrei Hayamim) - Chronicles (I & II)

Answer 3

There are several key differences:

• Deuterocanon/Apocrypha: The Old Testament may (depending on the denomination of Christianity) include different books of the Deuterocanon of which the Tanakh contains none. (Such books may include 1-4 Esdras, Tobit, Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Ecclesiasticus (Sirach), Baruch with the Letter of Jeremiah, Song of the Three Young Men and Prayer of Azariah, Story of Susanna, Prayer of Manasseh, 1-4 Maccabees, Psalms 151-155, 1 Enoch, Jubilees, 1-3 Meqabyan)
• Additions to Existent Books: There are additions to the book of Daniel and Esther in the Old Testament that are not in the Tanakh. Esther may have as many as six additional chapters appended to the end and Daniel has internal insertions.
  
• Ordering: The order of the books is different between the two. Law, Prophets, Writings (Tanakh) vs. Law, Histories, Wisdom, Prophets (Old Testament.).
  
• Word Differences: the Old Testament is derived from the Greek Septuagint as opposed to the Masoretic Hebrew Text (with some Aramaic), some of the translations are incorrect. For example, Commandment 6 is "You will not murder", not "Thou shalt not kill" which would have a variety of implications, not the least to say that Bible followers should be vegetarian. Another commonly discussed word difference is how the word "almah" is translated as "virgin" in the Septuagint when it should be translated as "teenage woman". This verse in Isaiah is commonly cited by Christians as prophecy of a virgin birth and vindication of Jesus' birth miracle when the verse merely says, "A boy shall be born to a teenage woman and he shall be called Immanuel."

Answer 4

The Talmud contains the Oral Torah of the Jewish people. It serves to clarify the brief verses of the Torah and Tanakh (Hebrew Bible).

The Hebrew Bible was written before the Talmud. Its source is through prophecy.

See also:

More about the Hebrew Bible

More about the Talmud

Answer 5

The Hebrew Bible contains the same books as the Protestant New Testament, starting with the Torah and including numerous other books. All of these books were written before the split between Jews an Christians. The Talmud is, in effect, the course notes from the rabbinic academies that existed in Roman Palestine and in Persian Babylon in the 500 years after this split. The Talmud focuses on legal questions -- how do you make a workable code of law out of the many commandments found in the Torah. Along the way, it records many dissenting opinions and it contains long digressions.