The prime difference is that these three countries are majority non-Arab whereas every other Middle Eastern State has an Arab majority.
Israel, Turkey, Iran.
All of these countries (and Cyprus) have Non-Arab majorities, in comparison to the other Middle Eastern countries which are Arab-majority countries. Turkey is majority Turkish, Israel is majority Jewish, and Iran is majority Persian. Israel has the largest Arab minority in terms of percentage (21% of the country), but Turkey has the largest amount of Arabs in terms of population (3 million, not counting the current 2+ million Syrian Refugees in the country).
Countries that border the Mediterranean that are wholly in Asia include: Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Palestine. Countries that border the Mediterranean and are intercontinental with parts in Asia include: Turkey and Egypt.
Turkey, Iraq, Jordan, and Lebanon border Syria.
Syria borders Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north.
Israel, Turkey, and Lebanon are considered middle east countries.
India is actually in South Asia. Some of the countries in Southwest Asia are Egypt, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Kuwait, Iran, Lebanon, Turkey, and Iraq.
The two southwest Asian nations that do not have an abundance of oil are Turkey and Israel.
Turkey and Israel
Syria is bordered by Lebanon to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the south-west.
Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Malta, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen are all MENA countries that do not border Israel.
Iran - Persia or Media Iraq - Mesopotamia Israel - Palestine or Galilee/Galilei or Canaan Turkey - Asia Minor/Anatolia or Byzantinia Lebanon - Phoenicia Lebanon/Jordan/Syria/Israel - Levant