It depends on the state, but often they are ratified through legislature or propositions.
there are 35 amendments to the Kentucky constitution
All amendments to the constitution must be approved at the end of a national convention assembled at the request of the legislatures.
There are no "informal" amendments. All 26 amendments are approved by Congress and are part of the constitution. Your question makes the assumption that there are two constitutions and there isn't.
Amendments to the constitution must be ratified by the states. To become part of the Constitution the Amendment must be approved by three-fourths of the states.
yes
171 amendments
true
James Madison proposed 12 amendments to the Constitution, 10 of which were approved. The ones that weren't would have established Congressional representation and prohibited Congress from raising its own salaries.
No, no one is rewriting the US Constitution. Occasionally Congress proposes amendments (changes) to it, but these amendments must be approved by three fourths of the States
new york state
yes
Not clear on the specific question. State legislatures have to ratify amendments whether via an amendment approved by 2/3 of Congress and then 3/4 of the state legislatures or by Constitutional Convention which is made up of state legislature reps. Hope that answers your question.