How are autosomal traits related to Mendel's observations of heredity?

Answer 1

Gregor Mendel grew hundreds of pea plants. He was curious as to why some of the plants had different traits. Some plants were tall and others were short. Some plants produced green seeds while others produced yellow seeds.

Mendel observed that most of the pea plants' traits were similar to its parents. In this observation, Mendel discovered heredity. Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.

Mendel started his experiments with purebred plants, a plant that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as a parent. Purebred pea plants self-pollinate (pollinate by themselves.) The pistil produces female egg cells. And the stamens produce pollen that contains male sex cells.

Next, Mendel cross-pollinated the plants. He took the pollen from a short plant and applied it to a tall plant. He called this generation the parental generation or the P generation. The offspring of this generation was called the first filial generation. The offspring of this first filial generation were all tall. Mendel was curious as to why the tall plant gene over powered the short plant gene. It was because in pea plants tall genes are the dominant allele while short genes are the recessive allele.

When the pea plants from the first filial generation were pollinated, three-fourths of the offspring (called the second filial generation) were tall and one-fourth was short. It showed Mendel that recessive alleles can reappear in the next generation of plants.

Some Key Abbreviations

T = dominant allele

t = recessive allele

TT = (purebred) a plant that inherited two dominant alleles

Tt = (hybrid) a plant that inherited one dominant allele and one recessive allele

tt = (purebred) a plant that inherited two recessive alleles

Answer 2

All of the traits that he studied were determined by genes on autosomes. Most traits in sexually reproducing organisms result in autosomal genes

Answer 3

by genes