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The indicators in litmus are extracted from lichens; the color of litmus depends on the pH of the solution.
probably because lichens absorb most gases and minute particles from erupted mountain, this include fluorine, arsenic, etc., therefore it can be used as bio-indicator of the environmental healthiness after volcano's eruption.
Change over time.
Orchil is a well-known lichen dye that has a red-violet color,
a voltmeter is used to measure voltage
lichens
no
1) Lichens are used to yield animal feed , dyes...... 2) Usnicacid are obtained from lichen.
The indicators in litmus are extracted from lichens; the color of litmus depends on the pH of the solution.
used as food
A Map.
Sulfur dioxide
Specific heat can be used to measure changes in thermal energy by using the equation: Change in thermal energy = mass x Change in temperature x specific heat
probably because lichens absorb most gases and minute particles from erupted mountain, this include fluorine, arsenic, etc., therefore it can be used as bio-indicator of the environmental healthiness after volcano's eruption.
nope
For many animals, including caribou and musk oxen, lichens are an important food source. Lichens are also important in the weathering process of rocks. They grow on bare rock and release acids as part of their metabolism. The acids help break down the rock and as bits of rock accumulate and lichens die and decay, soil is formed. They are important in the primary succesion.They don't need to survive with soil.
Temperature.