Sulfur dioxide
Some do and some do not. Lichens are often used as pollution indicators because as pollution increases, more species die until there are only one or two species left.
For many animals, including caribou and musk oxen, lichens are an important food source. Lichens are also important in the weathering process of rocks. They grow on bare rock and release acids as part of their metabolism. The acids help break down the rock and as bits of rock accumulate and lichens die and decay, soil is formed. They are important in the primary succesion.They don't need to survive with soil.
no
1) Lichens are used to yield animal feed , dyes...... 2) Usnicacid are obtained from lichen.
The indicators in litmus are extracted from lichens; the color of litmus depends on the pH of the solution.
used as food
lichens
nope
Many beneficial processes and products are derived from them, such as decomposition, nitrogen fixation, food, medicinal, fabric dyes, and alcoholic fermentation. Lichens and mosses are often used as bio monitors or indicator species of air pollution (since non vascular plants are very sensitive to air pollution as you may know), such as that caused by sulfur dioxide. Hope that helps.
It is litmus, an extract from several different species of lichens, that is used as an indicator between acid and alkaline conditions.
tundra
Tiaga