Small leaves have less stomata which means that is less water that is taken from the leaf (transpiration).
Pines are one of the most resilient plants known, they can survive the freezing cold of Siberia and at the same time grow in warm and tropical areas. They are classified as gymnosperms. All gymnosperms have leaves that are needle-like and reproduce through the use of cones. I'm sure that everyone has wondered why a gymnosperm can keep it's green foliage, even when it is covered in snow and other plants have lost their leaves. The simple answer is that it has leaves like that because it has to survive in cold areas of the world. The narrow leaves are channeled as such because it does not want the snow to rest on it's leaves, so it has evolved to be as small as possible, so the snow can mostly just fall of the leaf. The leaves actually have a special coating on their leaves comprising of special enzymes, so that it does not get affected by the snow in direct contact with the leaves for half the year.
the surface area of LEAVES depends. Pine needles and cacti have small surface areas banana leaves, philodendron leaves, and other tropical plants have gigantic ones. it all depends on where the plants are endemic to.
many plants developed a wazy surface cuticle to reduce water loss
^^ in the lEaves.. because energy, carbon dioxide, nutrients from the soil are stored in the leaves.. leaves supply all the needs of plants from the stems then the stems carries all the nutrients and water to alll parts of the body.. <3 (c) JSM
In windy areas trichomes reduce evaporation and keep the leaf moist. They also reflect solar radiation and heat.
they grow in hot areas but, have long leaves for shade.
Seed plants include not only flowering plants, but also conifers. Scientifically known as angiosperms and gymnosperms, these plants are distributed worldwide and now dominate the plant kingdom.
Cacti :D
Non vascular plants can be found living in damp, shaded areas.
Pines are one of the most resilient plants known, they can survive the freezing cold of Siberia and at the same time grow in warm and tropical areas. They are classified as gymnosperms. All gymnosperms have leaves that are needle-like and reproduce through the use of cones. I'm sure that everyone has wondered why a gymnosperm can keep it's green foliage, even when it is covered in snow and other plants have lost their leaves. The simple answer is that it has leaves like that because it has to survive in cold areas of the world. The narrow leaves are channeled as such because it does not want the snow to rest on it's leaves, so it has evolved to be as small as possible, so the snow can mostly just fall of the leaf. The leaves actually have a special coating on their leaves comprising of special enzymes, so that it does not get affected by the snow in direct contact with the leaves for half the year.
Most plants don't grown in icy areas because the plants require a certain amount of sunlight and warmth to survive. The ice causes the roots, leaves, and stems to freeze which kills the plant.
Phloem
So-called "vascular" plants (such as vegetables, flowering plants, and trees) have a system of cell channels known as "phloem cells" that carry sugar from the production areas (mostly leaves) to storage areas or to cells that use the sugar.
Leaf adaptations in wet and sunny habitat are mostly dependent on the surface area. Narrow leaves are ideal for dry areas which will limit the rate of transpiration while wide leaves adapt to wet habitats.
The plant survives because it stores the rainfall and uses little amounts so it can stay alive.
Most desert plants have the same parts as plants from areas with more rainfall. Some, such as cacti, have lost their leaves and replaced them with spines. Some plants grow leaves during rainy seasons and then shed them during periods of drought. They may do this several times each year. Other plants allow their leaves to shrivel during drought and then spring back to life after a good rain.
"transpiration" is the loss/evaporation of water into the air by plants. Plants suck up water from the ground by their rots and lose it though their leaves - the loss through the leaves is called transpiration. In areas of dense forrest this has a significant contribution to atmospheric moisture.