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The Colorado state trial court system consists of District Court, County Courts, Municipal Courts and Water Courts.

Water courts have specialized jurisdiction over water rights cases in Colorado. There are seven Water Courts located in the state, each in a major river basin area.

District Courts are the courts of general jurisdiction in Colorado. District Courts can hear any civil or criminal case, but generally hear cases beyond the jurisdiction of other courts. District Courts usually hear most cases related to family law and probate, as well as serious criminal offenses and civil cases regarding $15,000 or more. There is at least one district court location in every county of Colorado, but the counties do not themselves operate the courts.

County Courts hear primarily minor criminal offenses and criminal preliminary hearings, as well as limited civil cases. Civil cases heard in County Courts are usually for $15,000 or less, including small claims cases. In Colorado, small claims cases have a maximum amount of $7,500 in dispute. Each county in Colorado has at least one County Court location, but like District Courts, the courts are state-operated, not county-operated. In some counties, County and District Courts share their resources and operate as so-called Combined Courts.

Municipal Courts hear cases involving violations of city and town ordinances that occur within their municipal boundaries.

District, County and Municipal courts can all hear cases regarding civil protection orders.

For more information on the Colorado state court system, including information on the Court of Appeals and Colorado Supreme Court, which are not discussed above, you can visit the Colorado Judiciary website related link. For a directory of trial courts in Colorado and a guide to online court resources for Colorado, visit the Colorado Courts Guide related link.

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Q: How are the state of Colorado courts structured?
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The Colorado State Court system consists primarily of District, County, and Municipal Courts. District Courts have general jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases, but generally hear cases beyond the jurisdiction of other courts, including Family law cases. County Courts hear small claims cases and other civil cases with under $15,000 in dispute, as well as limited criminal cases including misdemeanors. Municipal Courts hear cases regarding violations of city and town ordinances and share jurisdiction with District and County courts over civil protection orders. Each county in Colorado has a District and County Court, though some counties combine the District and County court functions into one court. Each Colorado county also has at least one municipal court (except for Denver County), and some counties have several. Colorado also has several additional courts. The Colorado Water Courts hear cases regarding water rights and usage at seven locations throughout the state. Denver County has specialized courts for Juvenile and Probate matters, in addition to a County Court and District Court. For more information on courts in Colorado, including a directory of state courts organized by county, and a directory of online court resources, visit the Colorado Courts Guide related link.


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