As a general rule, the surface temp will go down and the length of the planet's "year" will increase the farther it is from the sun. There are exceptions, but that is the general rule.
Not at all. The planet's daily rotation is independent of its distance from the Sun.
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focal length..
focal length..
Different planets have different orbit lengths because of their distance from the sun. Planets closer to the sun have shorter orbits, and planets farther away have longer orbits.
The answer depends on what characteristic of the planets you are interested in: their mass, radius, volume, length of orbit, average distance from the sun, etc.
There is a relationship between the planets distance from the sun and the time taken for one orbit (planets year), described in Keplers third law. The square root of the time taken to orbit the sun is proportional to the cube of the average distance between the sun.
Here is a fine length and distance converter. Scroll down to related links and look at "Length and distance converter".
There is no direct relationship between the rotation of a planet (which governs day length) and a planets distance from the sun. The nature of the planets spin is more to do with the formation of the system early on, by large impacts of the more numerous bodies that would have been around.
If cylinder radius and cylinder length are known : (pi = 3.141592654 . . . ) > Surface area = ( (2 * pi * radius) * length )
Keplar showed that there is a relationship between the planets distance from the sun and the time taken for one orbit (planets year). This is described in Keplars third law; the square root of the time taken to orbit the sun is proportional to the cube of the average distance between the sun.
A scale bar on a map shows the relationship between a unit of length on the map and the corresponding distance on the Earth's surface. By measuring the length of the scale bar and comparing it to the map, you can determine the distance between two points on the Earth's surface.