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How are the symptoms of chancroid similar to those of the primary stage of syphilis?
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What STD causes boils?
There are some sexually transmitted infections and diseases (STIs/STDs) that can cause what might commonly be referred to as a boil or an ulcer. * Boils that occur as a result of an STD most often appear when someone contracts a sexually transmitted bacterial infection such as chancroid or syphilis. Both infections can cause very painful open sores in and around the genitals as well as on other areas of the body. In the case of syphilis, those boils are called chancres, and they can appear on the genitals, in the vagina, on the cervix, lips, mouth, breasts, or anus during the first stage of infection. Boils or ulcers from chancroid look similar to syphilis chancres, and can be painful and might produce a pus-like substance. * Sometimes, herpes (HSV), molluscum, or genital warts (HPV) is mistaken for the beginning stages of a boil or ulcer from chancroid or syphilis, because they can all result in bumps on the skin. * Chancroid and syphilis ulcers are usually painful and eventually they open up and become wet. Herpes lesions can be painful, but they are often smaller and clustered, and they don't open in the same way that a chancroid of syphilis ulcer might. Whereas molluscum and genital warts can cause bumps, but generally, they aren't painful or wet at all.
Syphilis?
DefinitionSyphilis is infection with the bacteria Treponema pallidum.Alternative NamesLues; Cupid's disease; SyphCauses, incidence, and risk factorsSyphilis is a sexually-transmitted infectious disease. The bacteria that cause it spread through broken skin or mucous membranes.Pregnant mothers infected with the disease can pass it to the baby developing in their womb. This is called congenital syphilis.Syphilis is widespread in the United States. It mainly affects sexually active adults ages 20 to 29.Syphilis has several stages.Primary syphilis is the first stage. Painless sores ( chancres) form at the site of infection about 2-3 weeks after you are first infected. You may not notice the sores or any symptoms, particularly if the sores are inside the rectum or cervix. The sores disappear in about 4-6 weeks, even without treatment. The bacteria become dormant (inactive) in your system at this stage. For more specific information about this type of syphilis, see primary syphilis.Secondary syphilis occurs about 2-8 weeks after the first sores form. About 33% of those who do not have their primary syphilis treated will develop this second stage. These symptoms will often also go away without treatment and again, the bacteria become dormant (inactive) in your system. For more specific information about this type of syphilis, see secondary syphilis.Tertiary syphilis is the final stage of syphilis. The infection spreads to the brain, nervous system, heart, skin, and bones. The dormant bacteria may be detectable either by seeing the damage they cause to a part of the body, or through a blood test for syphilis. For more specific information about this type of syphilis, see tertiary syphilis.SymptomsThe symptoms of syphilis depend on the stage of the disease. Many people do not have symptoms.In general, painless sores and swollen lymph nodes are possible symptoms of primary syphilis. Those with secondary syphilis may also have fever, fatigue, rash, aches and pains, and loss of appetite, among other symptoms. Tertiary syphilis causes heart, brain, and nervous system problems.For more information, see the article on the specific stage of syphilis.Signs and testsBlood tests can be done to detect substances produced by the bacteria that cause syphilis. The older test is the VDRL test. Other blood tests may include RPR and FTA-ABS.TreatmentAntibiotics are an effective treatment for syphilis. The antibiotic of choice is penicillin. The dose and how it's given (into a muscle or into a vein) depend on the stage of syphilis. Doxycycline may be used as an alternative treatment in individuals who are allergic to penicillin.Several hours after treatment of early stages of syphilis, you may have a reaction called Jarish-Herxheimer reaction. Symptoms of this reaction include:ChillsFeverGeneral feeling of being illGeneral joint achesGeneral muscle achesHeadacheNauseaRashThese symptoms usually disappear within 24 hours.You must have follow-up blood tests at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months to make sure the infection is gone. You should avoid sexual conduct until two follow-up tests show that the infection has been cured. Syphilis is extremely contagious through sexual contact in the primary and secondary stages.Syphilis is a reportable infection. That means that doctors must report any cases of syphilis to public health authorities, so that potentially infected sexual partners may be identified and treated.Expectations (prognosis)With prompt treatment and follow-up care, syphilis can be cured.Late-stage syphilis can lead to long-term health problems, despite therapy.ComplicationsComplications of untreated syphilis include:Damage to the skin and bonesHeart and blood vessel problems, including inflammation and aneurysms of the aortaNeurosyphilisCalling your health care providerNotify your health care provider if you develop signs or symptoms of syphilis. Several conditions may have similar symptoms, so you will need to have a complete medical exam.Also call your health care provider if you have had sexual contact with someone who has syphilis.PreventionIf you are sexually active, practice safe sex and always use condoms.All pregnant women, people with HIV, and others at increased risk for having syphilis should be screened for syphilis.ReferencesHook EW III. Syphilis. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier. 2007: chap 340.U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for Syphilis Infection: Recommendation Statement. Ann Fam Med 2004; 2: 362-365.
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How is Bell's pasly diagnosed?
Bell's palsy has been described as a diagnosis of exclusion because several other disorders exhibit similar symptoms. Facial palsies have been linked to conditions such as Lyme disease , ear infection, meningitis, syphilis.
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