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Seamounts are submarine volcanoes that form on the ocean floor.

They are formed by hotspots (which are hypothesised to be the result of mantle plumes although there is some controversy over this theory in the geophysical community) which cause melting of the crust. These hotspots in the upper mantle are in fixed locations, so as the tectonic plate moves over the hotspot a chain of seamounts forms creating a line in the direction of the plate movement.

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Q: How can a chain of seamounts be used to tell which way the pacific plate is moving?
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