The most successful fixed wing aircraft with vertical take off capability is the Harrier. It uses four swivelling jet nozzles to angle the thrust straight down and thus rise up on a column of air. Once airborne, the nozzles can be rotated slowly backwards to turn vertical into horizontal thrust.
The weight of an aircraft counteracts the lift produced by an aircraft. The heavier an aircraft weighs the greater the lift needed to get off the ground.
The V-22 Osprey is the newest Army "helicopter" that can lift off vertically. The Harrier Jet is the US Marine fighter jet that takes off vertically.
There are planes that can take off and land vertically, most notable of them is the Harrier jump jet build by BAE, there is also the V-22. The planes that can take off and land vertically are said to have Vertical TakeOff and Landing (VTOL) capabilities. This is usually achieved by vectoring the trust of the engines downward, so to create lift. After sufficient speed is gained, the aircraft continues flying as normal, with wings providing the lift and engines providing the forward trust.
VSTOL: verticle or short take of and landing
The engines provide forward thrust, allowing the wings to generate lift. It is the lift that allows the aircraft to take off.
The aircraft has to go 100 mph or more (depends on aircraft) to get off the ground in time.
They have no need of runway because they can lift off vertically
The Harrier's short wings allow it to take off both ways.
While airplanes need to be in motion with enough momentum to create enough airspeed for lift off, helicopters can lift off vertically without any momentum of the aircraft. Both aircrafts need a rotary wing. Helicopter wings are rotary and have the capabilities to change the angle or pitch in order to create more or less lift. Airplanes have rotary and fixed wings.
A helicopter is an aircraft that is lifted and propelled by one or more horizontal rotors, each rotor consisting of two or more rotor blades. Helicopters are classified as rotorcraft or rotary-wing aircraft to distinguish them from fixed-wing aircraft because the helicopter achieves lift with the rotor blades which rotate around a mast. A helicopter takes off vertically by using a set of blades shaped like aerofoils to generate lift by rotating the blades at high speed and as such does not require runways
The Harrier 'Jump-Jet.' Capable of taking off and landing vertically or normally.
There IS lift because there is wind. It just doesn't make the plane take off (although it might - search youtube to see light and not that light aircraft examples!)