They can't so if one did he could be fired
In the US, such authority for government officials does not exist.
Unless you're an law enforcement officer, you can't obtain a standard Search Warrant (if you are, your Sergeant can help with this). You have the chance to obtain an Ex Partite warrant, but it's unlikley without at least the tacit cooperation of law enforcement. An affadavit won't help as you can't execute due process without being an officer of the law or a duly deputized agent.
Law enforcement can collect evidence without a warrant in certain situations, such as when there are exigent circumstances that require immediate action to prevent a crime or protect people from harm. They can also collect evidence without a warrant if the person gives voluntary consent or when evidence is in plain view during a lawful interaction. There are other specific exceptions as well, such as searches incident to arrest or in vehicles.
Try calling your local law enforcement on the phone agency and asking. Some times they will give the information, some won't.
I am not familiar with all California law but I would say the answer to this question is yes. A police officer can answer your cell phone, but, they may not search (look at contacts etc.) without a warrant.
noAnother View:If the officer(s) had entered (or was ALLOWED to enter) your residence in a lawful manner, then they could take a picture of anything, they could see with their own eyes from their vantage point.However, without a warrant, they are not legally allowed to conduct a walk-through of your entire residence snapping pictures as they go.Unless they are there to conduct a law enforcement function you can 'invite' them to leave at any time you wish.
NO. He can search your car if he has just cause without a warrant.
Unreasonable searches are those performed without a warrant or probable cause. Probable cause is established when a law enforcement officer can reasonably suspect the commission of a crime, without explicitly violating the suspect's expectation of privacy. For instance, if someone were to rob another person on the street in plain view of others, and then run into his private home, an officer could enter the property and apprehend the criminal. But if an officer randomly decided to search a house without permission or a search warrant, the search would be unreasonable, and the fruits of the search would be suppressed in court.
Only where probably cause exists.
no no
Yes. In most places the search warrant is valid as soon as it is signed. Sometimes, law enforcement can be at your house, without a warrant, and they can enter and search your property based on a phone call, telling them the judge signed the warrant.
Without a warrant you must find reasonable grounds to arrest someone, whereas with a warrant your reason to arrest the suspect already exists. Without a warrant a Police Officer can arrest anyone without permission of a Magistrate as long as they follow the correct procedures so their arrest is lawful, which is unlike an arrest with a warrant where you must be granted the warrant to be able to arrest that person. Without a warrant, a Police Officer can mess the arrest up and make it an unlawful arrest but with a warrant it is very unlikely that they make it an unlawful arrest.