If there's a valid reason, they have to file a motion for a child in need of care with the court.
No, they are not yet an adult and cannot have custody of a younger child.
If he is the one with primary custody or there's an agreement with your other parent, yes.
After the child is aged 13 or so, if circumstances are similar and the parents agree, the child gets to choose. However, an 18 year old is really legally an adult.
File a motion in the court that entered the custody/support order. You can find the forms for this at the Florida Courts website see links.
Maybe. It depends on the divorce laws and the settlement/child custody agreed to by the parents. At 13 you don’t have any rights and pretty much have to do what you are told to do.
You should talk with a trusted parent or adult, and go to see your doctor.
Essentially, you can be asked to decide if your parents can make it happen. There may be a reason that you don't know of that the one parent has full custody, and the other doesn't. You would have to logically convince the parents that the choice is not a passing thing, and commit to spending 4 to 5 years at the other house. Again, the parents have the custody worked out, so the deal is done.
In the states you must be 13, or accompanied by a parent or guardian, or maybe just any adult, not totally sure. But most likely if you are 13 or younger and without a parent or guardian or adult you will still probably get in. Unless maybe you are like 9 or younger. lol
In general, yes, unless the "other town" is in a different state and you're the subject of a custody agreement. In that case you will probably need the permission of both parents, or one parent and a court.If there is a custody agreement you (well, really, your parent) should read it first, because it may place more stringent restrictions on travel even within the state.
Perhaps you can make arrangements with the other parent. Otherwise, look online for advice as to the paperwork you will need to present. The county courts and library may also have information that will help. Certainly, it will be easier if the 13 year old is in agreement with your plans.
Yes, if the guardian, or the person in custody of the young person will-fully consents to a legal name change.
You can go at the age of 12 without a parent but I would suggest bringing one :P