How did Christianity develop from Judaism into powerful independent religion?

Answer 1

Christianity didn't really develop from Judaism.

Jesus said you can't put new wine in old wine skins.

Matthew 9:17 Nor do they put new wine into old wineskins, or else the wineskins break, the wine is spilled, and the wineskins are ruined. But they put new wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved."

Here Jesus is saying to try to mix law and grace would be like putting new wine into old wineskins. The pressure caused by the fermentation of the new wine would burst the old skins because they had lost their elasticity. The life and liberty of the Gospel ruins the wineskins of ritualism.

The writer of Hebrews also says that Christ is a "living way"; as opposed to the dead carcasses of slain beasts, and to the dead and killing letter of the law (Judaism). Christ gives life to all his people; and all that walk in him.

Heb 10:20 by a new and living way which He consecrated for us, through the veil, that is, His flesh,