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Arguably, Aristotle could be considered the father of modern science as he provides a substantial amount of philosophical foundation. Aristotle developed a universal method for understanding reality which was based on the physical universe. This was in response to his teacher, Plato, whose universal theory was primarily metaphysical.

Aristotle's primary achievement in physics revolved around his theories of the five primary elements (Air, Water, Earth, Fire, and Aether), rules of motion (potential energy), and causality. Not only did Aristotle's theories provide a solid foundation for much of the early development of physics, but are also still used today.

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