They follow some of the muslim principles not all the principles , examples of these principles laws of marriage, divorce, inheritance, etc. In the meantime, other religion followers (Christians and Jews are allowed to apply their own religion rules and laws related to these issues.
The main one (to me anyway) is the Constitution.
A 'code of law'
The legislative branch makes (enacts) the laws. The judicial branch interprets the laws. The executive branch enforces the laws.
National laws are laws that are passed by a country's federal government and apply to the entire country. Bylaws are local laws or regulations set by smaller, local governing bodies such as cities or towns. While national laws are binding across the country, bylaws only apply within the jurisdiction of the specific local government that created them.
There are three arms of power: Legislative Power, Executive Power and Judicial Power. It is the Judicial Power (The Judges) that has the power to interpret and apply laws in Australia. Courts and judges are independent of parliament and government.
Yes. A court's function is to interpret and apply the laws.
Congress is not exempt from the laws they pass. Laws passed by the federal government apply to all citizens of the United States, even the people who make them.
Some international laws apply to India. All Indian national laws apply to all India. Local laws apply in certain areas.
Government by "men" ie A Man means that that man (a dictator) is above the law. A Government by "laws" (meaning passed by an elected legislature) means that the laws apply to evereone, nobodly is above the law.
when the first muslim government in subcontinent was stablished by
Sometimes when laws or regulations are published they apply to matters arising only from date of publication and sometime they apply retrospectively (to matters arising before the date of the law). Therefore no-one can protect themselves against future legal changes because the government may publish laws and regulations at any time which apply to transactions which arose before the date of publication.All laws and regulations are dated and specify whether they apply from the date of publication or whether they apply retrospectively.