0
There were conflicts between popes and emperors. The first one was over religious issues (1103 -1107) between Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV. It dragged on until 1122. The popes won this religious controversy. In 1080 a new conflict developed between the pope and the emperor. The pro pope forces led by Matilda of Tuscany, who ruled over large parts of northern and central Italy, defeated the Henry V and his supporters in Italy in 1144. The emperor went back to Germany.
Political problems in Germany led to the emperors being absent in Italy for 40 years. During this period the cities of northern and central Italy became effectively independent. In 1154 Frederick Barbarossa started one of his five military campaigns in Italy. Originally this was to fight the Normans who ruled southern Italy. However, conflict with the pope soon developed again. Moreover, the cities of northern and central Italy formed a league (the Lombard League) to fight for their independence from the empire. This league defeated the emperor. In the Peace of Constance of 1183, these cities obtained the right of self-governance. After this, the empire gained control of southern Italy.
In 1237 Frederick II started a war in Italy to restore imperial control over the cities of northern and central Italy. There was also conflict with the pope again. Italy developed two opposed political factions, the Guelphs, who supported the pope, and the Ghibellines, who supported the emperor. The Guelph Italian cities won and the war and the independence of northern and central Italy continued. After this emperors did not try to re-establish control. The conflict between Guelphs and Ghibellines continued. There were wars between these two factions within some of the cities and between cities.
What else can I help you with?
How did conflict between popes and emperors affect Italy?
they affected Italy by - ambitious German emperors sought out to master Italy. as they did , they came into conflicts with popes and the with wealthy towns of northern Italy - which then revolved into raging battles between them.
What obstacles did German emperors face in Italy?
They had to face the popes and the wealthy people of italy
What obstacles did the German emperors face in italy?
They had to face the popes and the wealthy people of italy
What agreement ended power struggles between holy roman emperors and popes over lay investiture?
Concordat of Worms
How many popes were from Italy?
217 popes have been born in Italy.
How many popes have come from Italy?
196 popes have come from Italy.
What country have most of the Popes come from?
The vast majority of popes have been Italian. As of February of 2013 there have been only 18 popes from other countries.
How did conflicts between popes and emperors affect the Holy Roman Empire?
It affected the holy roman empire by German emperors tried to control the church officials, nobles and popes. In which revolved into conflicts when it was time to select certain church official, and monarchs.
How many non Italian popes have there been?
There have been 217 Italian popes and only 49 non-Italian popes.
How did Pope Innocent III view emperors and kings?
He viewed them as allies in the effort to unite Italy and Germany.
Which two countries have provided the most popes?
Italy and France have provided the most popes.
How many popes has Italy had?
Only one in any given time. A pope is only replaced when he dies.
