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The Confederacy was not able to create a naval force powerful enough to challenge or break the Union's blockade. With that said, the Confederate Secretary of the Navy, Stephen Mallory, improvised several responses. It fortified forts guarding major ports and rivers that extended into the South. Mallory made use of "torpedo" warfare, meaning sea mines that impaired Union ship movements. The Southern navy also bought small and fast cruisers from Great Britain to sink or damage Union cargo vessels. The idea behind this was two fold, many Union cargo ships were indeed destroyed, and it caused the Union to divert some of its blockading warships to defend its cargo vessels.

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