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An very important influence on the formation of the American government was the French philosopher Montesquieu, who picked up and redeveloped Aristotle's idea of mixed constitution and checks and balances of power. He also drew on the interpretation of the ancient Greek scholar Polybius of the institutions of the Roman Republic as a mixed constitution which provided separation of powers and checks and balances of power. However, this was just his interpretation and not how the Romans saw their institutions or how they developed them. Moreover, what Montesquieu had in mind for his model was Britain, not ancient Rome. Ancient Roman politics, society and institutions were too different from those of 18th century world to be of any relevance.

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