It depends entirely on which conquest is being referred to.
It depends entirely on whose conquest of Syria and Palestine is being discussed (the Jews' own conquest of those territories, the Assyrians', the Babylonians', the Persians', the Greeks', the Romans', the Rashidun Caliphate's, etc.). Please resubmit, specifying which conquest you are asking about.
The Exile of Jews from palestine is known as the Diaspora
Because Palestine keeps attacking the Jews.
Yeas, Palestine was in the Roman Empire. In fact it was the Romans who invented the name Palestine. After suppressing the Bar Kokhba revolt (132--135 CE) of the Jews, the emperor Hadrian persecuted Judaism and renamed the Roman province of Judea. He called it Syria Palaestina. The name Palaestina was derived from Philistine.
The name is seen by most Jews as an imposition on the territory from its Roman Occupiers who changed the name of the region from Judea to Syria-Palaestina following the Jewish Revolts in the First and Second Centuries C.E. It also conjures up, for many Jews, the current conflict with the Palestinians since they continue to refer to the territory, oftentimes including the current State of Israel, as Palestine.
There used to be a Jewish population of 30,000-35,000 Jews in 1940, but there are currently no Jews in Syria aside from incidental foreigners. The overwhelming majority of Syrian Jews fled Syria in 1950 to come to Israel, France, or the United States.
no
There have always been Jews in Palestine. They were not the majority between the years 132 CE and 1949 CE.
No. Jews had already been migrating to Israel/Palestine in substantial numbers since 1919.
The declaration gave the Jews of Palestine the hope that they might one-day have a country of their own.
There are a number of other names which have been used to identify the general area of Palestine such as Israel (by Jews), Bilaad Sham (by Arab Caliphates), Canaan (by original tribes), Judea (after the Jewish Kingdom in the area roughly 2500 years ago), and Syria-Palaestina (by the Romans).
Diaspora.