How did the crusades effect Europe intellectually?

Answer 1

By the time of the Crusades, most of Europe was converted to Christianity. Since the point of this series of wars was to recover the Holy Land of Jerusalem, the Europeans were anxious that they would have the land where their savior Jesus Christ was crucified.

Europe wasn't affected much at all. It was the Knights Templar and the Pope that were affected. The Pope had to disband the order of the Templar because of many confessions that they commited acts of herecy within the order. Therefore the Knights Templar dissolved.

Europe in a whole wasn't affected, however its foundations were.