Before going to bed, observant Jews say the "nighttime reading of the Shema". This contains Biblical passages (Deuteronomy 6:4-9, Deuteronomy 11:13-21, and Numbers 15:37-41), plus a blessing thanking God for sleep and asking for His protection. Plus miscellaneous verses relevant to sleep or to protection.
He always had time to pray to God each night before he went to sleep.
Jews pray to God
Jews pray to God.
Well, Nyx was the personification of night, so perhaps they prayed for a safe night's sleep or the safety of those who worked at night.
Wake up in the morning, Pray Eat lunch, Pray Eat dinner, Pray Before going to sleep, Pray even more. Repeat 200x
Jews pray in a synagogue.
Jews pray to God.
Jews pray only to God, not to any person or prophet. Muslims also pray only to God and definitely do not pray to their prophet!
The only Christians that would pray to Mary are Catholics, so the answer is no. Some Messianic Jews are Catholic, but this is rare. The majority of Messianic Jews are Protestant Evangelicals and pray as they do.
There is no specific patron saint for a good night's sleep, but St. Joseph and St. Dymphna are often invoked for peaceful rest and relief from anxiety. You can also pray to St. Raphael, the patron saint of healing, for restful sleep and protection during the night.
They pray in the synagogue (a.k.a. Shul).
Whenever they need or want to. It's traditional to do a prayer before meals, and one before you go to sleep.