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This happens frequently (about 2000 time per year), mostly small bits of rock surviving atmospheric frictional heating. Rarely, huge chunks survive to impact, causing vast craters with very damaging consequences for planet, environment, and life.

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It is only called a meteorite if it hits the Earth. Otherwise it is just a meteor. If it is just traveling through space away from our atmosphere, it is a meteoroid. Most meteors are just dust and sand. We can tell their composition, by studying their spectra as they burn up in the atmosphere.

The fastest meteors travel at about 42 km/sec (the escape velocity of the solar system). Earth's orbital speed is about 30 km/sec. So, if they are moving exactly opposite to Earth's motion in its orbit, they can be traveling at a maximum relative speed of about 72.9 km/sec as they enter the atmosphere.

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12y ago
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8y ago

They generally have no effects on life, until one impacts at which time the impactor can cause a major extinction event (sometimes killing over 90% of life on land) and thereby major changes in the direction of evolution.

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12y ago

most likely if a fairly large asteroid hits earth it will wipe out all signs of any life that was present.

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13y ago

they don't

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Q: How do meteorites affect the biosphere?
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It kills it


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it provides us with resources to survive. :)


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Ozone layer affect the environment. As they say, it affects the biosphere.


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