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Which method is utilized by eukaryotes to control their gene expression that is not used in bacteria?
Eukaryotes utilize mechanisms such as chromatin remodeling, alternative splicing, and RNA interference to regulate gene expression, which are not commonly used in bacteria. These mechanisms allow for more complex and nuanced control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells.
How can cells regulate gene expression to control their functions and responses?
Cells can regulate gene expression by turning genes on or off, controlling the amount of proteins produced. This process helps cells control their functions and responses to different signals and environments.
What is involved in regulating gene expression in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes?
In prokaryotes, gene expression can be regulated directly at the level of transcription through operons, where multiple genes are controlled by a single promoter. This type of regulation is not as common in eukaryotes, where gene expression is typically regulated at multiple levels, including transcription, RNA processing, translation, and post-translational modifications. Additionally, prokaryotes lack the complexity of chromatin structure found in eukaryotic cells, which can also impact gene expression regulation.
In the binding of RNA polymerase to a gene requires the aid of a transcription factor?
Like prokaryotes, eukaryotes must regulate gene expression. This is accomplished primarily by controlling when RNA polymerase binds to the beginning of a gene. This binding cannot take place in eukaryotes without the aid of transcription factor.
What types of DNA sequences help eukaryotic cells regulate gene expression?
Eukaryotic cells use various DNA sequences to regulate gene expression, including promoters, enhancers, and silencers. Promoters are located near the start of a gene and initiate transcription. Enhancers and silencers can be distant from the gene and help to enhance or repress gene expression, respectively. Together, these sequences play important roles in controlling when and how genes are expressed in eukaryotic cells.
Which are used more often in prokaryotes and eukaryotes activators or repressors?
Both activators and repressors are used in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes to regulate gene expression. However, activators are more commonly used in eukaryotes, while repressors tend to be more prevalent in prokaryotes.
What is the difference between sigma factors and transcription factors in gene regulation?
Sigma factors are specific proteins in prokaryotes that help RNA polymerase bind to the promoter region of a gene to initiate transcription. Transcription factors, on the other hand, are proteins in eukaryotes that regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences and influencing the activity of RNA polymerase. In summary, sigma factors are specific to prokaryotes and help initiate transcription, while transcription factors are found in eukaryotes and regulate gene expression.
In eukaryotes gene expression is related to the coiling and uncoiling of what?
In eukaryotes, gene expression is related to the coiling and uncoiling of DNA around histone proteins, forming chromatin. When DNA is tightly coiled around histones, it is less accessible for transcription, leading to reduced gene expression. When DNA is unwound, gene expression is more likely to occur.
Where do enhancers bind within the cell to regulate gene expression?
Enhancers bind to specific regions of DNA within the cell to regulate gene expression.
Do activators bind to enhancers to regulate gene expression?
Yes, activators bind to enhancers to regulate gene expression by increasing the transcription of specific genes.
How do cells control gene expression?
The promoter allows the gene to be transcribed. It helps RNA polymerase find where a gene starts. An operator is a DNA segment that turns the gene "on" or "off." It interacts with proteins that increase the rate of transcription or block transcription from occurring.
Where does the transcription factor bind within the cell to regulate gene expression?
Transcription factors bind to specific DNA sequences within the cell's nucleus to regulate gene expression.
