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How do freezers work?

Updated: 9/14/2023
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10y ago

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Freezers help us keep food fresh longer and without this technology, we would not be able to enjoy ice cream and other frozen treats year round. Before the invention of air conditioning, refrigerators, and freezers, people used to keep their food cold in an ice box. During the spring and summer months, people would order ice that got delivered to their homes.

Freezers and refrigerators work by taking the heat out of the air. They start the process by removing the moisture from the surrounding air. Freezers rely on a compressor, a condenser and a thermostat. The thermostat measures the temperature. When it detects the temperature is too high, it sends a signal to the compressor.

A low pressure gas is emitted into the compressor. As the name implies, the compressor increases the pressure on the gas and makes it a hot high pressure gas. The refrigerant gas runs through condenser coils. The heat is dissipated away form the inside of the freezer while the gas goes. It goes into a capillary tube, where it gets converted back into a cold high pressure gas. The gas on the tubes on the inside of the freezer absorb the excess heat and their pressure becomes low again. The gas eventually finds it way back into the compressor. The compressor remains idle until the thermostat sends another single for the cycle to start all over again.

Freezer frequently include a defrost cycle that prevents ice from building up on the inside of the unit. The cycle runs from every six to 12 hours. The water gets collected on a pan and gets run through the condensers to cause the water to evaporate. Owners have the option to leave the defrost option on or turn it off on most models.

Now that you know that how your freezer works, you can go check on your ice cream. As long as your freezer is in good working order, it probably is still in solid form.

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