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As moisture carrying air rises to go over a mountain, it cools. When the air cools sufficiently, it can no longer carry along as much moisture, and this moisture will then fall as rain. If the mountain is still higher, the air cools even further as it goes higher to get 'over the mountain'. If the air cools sufficiently, even more moisture is removed due to the decreased carrying capacity of cold air over warm air, and this leads to snow!

The following is an example of how the tallest mountains in the world 'The Himalayas ', influence rainfall and snowfall

The Himalayas have a profound effect on the climate of the Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan plateau. They prevent frigid, dry Arctic winds blowing south into the subcontinent, which keeps South Asia much warmer than corresponding temperate regions in the other continents. It also forms a barrier for the monsoon winds, keeping them from traveling northwards, and causing heavy rainfall in the Terai region. The Himalayas are also believed to play an important part in the formation of Central Asian deserts, such as the Taklamakan and Gobi.

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Q: How do high mountains influence rainfall?
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