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A stock option is a contract that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell (depending on what kind you got--calls let you buy, puts let you sell) stock at a certain price by a certain date.

A stock option has two values attached to it: the strike price and the premium. The premium is the money you have to pay to enter into the contract, and it's expressed per share even though these trade in units of 100 shares. So, if the premium on your option is 10 cents per share, you'll have to pay $10 to enter into the option contract.

The strike price is the amount the stock is going to sell for. In our option contract, the strike price is $5 per share, which means that if you decide to use, or "exercise," the contract you will have to pay $500--$5 per share x 100 shares. Okay so far?

Now, the idea behind these things is they allow you to buy stock for less than it's selling for on the "spot market," or sell it for more than it's selling for on the spot market. You have a call option, which allows you to buy 100 shares of stock for $5 per share. You paid a 10 cent per share premium, so if the stock price goes above $5.10 per share ($5 strike price plus 10 cents premium), it makes sense to exercise the option. If it stays below that price, it would cost you more to exercise the option than it would just to call a stockbroker and buy some stock, so you don't exercise the option.

The fun part: if you exercise the option you will pay $5 per share even if the stock has suddenly risen to $5000 per share. On the flipside, if you bought a put option you can sell your stock for $5 per share even if the company went out of business.

People who sell puts and calls have a different set of risk factors: they have to either supply stock to cover a call no matter how expensive it got, or buy it even if it went to zero.

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Q: How do stock options work?
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