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Let's take the forces one-at-a-time starting with Thrust.

1. Thrust - is provided by the propeller or jet engine; thrust acts to move the plane forward into the air.

2. Lift - As the plane moves forward the shape of the wing (airfoil) causes a pressure difference that exerts an upward force on the wing -- the lift force. As thrust increases lift increases and the plane rises as lift overcomes the downward pull of gravity.

3. Gravity - the force that pulls objects back to Earth. In order to have an object like a plane rise higher the Lift force must be stronger than the pull of gravity. If a plane weighs 10,000 lbs (pull of Gravity) then Lift must be 10,001 lbs or more in order for the plane to rise.

4. Drag - Air moving over a surface experiences friction as the air molecules rub against the surface. Rough surfaces have more friction than smooth ones, but even smooth surfaces have some friction; the net effect is to oppose the forward motion and slow the airplane down. Thrust must be strong enough to overcome the total Drag and accelerate the plane to a speed that generates enough Lift to overcome Gravity and allow the plane to rise.

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Q: How do the forces of lift drag gravity and thrust affect the flight of an airplane?
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