Current capacities of wires are normally not calculated. An electrician would normally refer to the allowable ampacities of wires in the (2011) NEC Table 310.15(B)(series) and 310.60(C)(series). Ampacity ratings are provided for a number of situations.
If you want to use that math used to derive the figures for the tables...
The current carrying capacity (in amps):
I = 106 x D2/700
(cross-sectional area is 700 mils per amp)
if you know the gauge of the wire you can learn its current carrying capacity
The current capacity varies depending on the length and diameter of the wire
The maximum current capacity of a 15amp wire is 15 amps.
The maximum current capacity of a 20 amp wire is 20 amps.
The wire overheats. In a bad case, a fire can be started. Note that, sometimes, current capacity is actually more a factor of insulation capacity rather than wire size.
To calculate the gauge of wire based on current carrying capacity, you can use the American Wire Gauge (AWG) standard. The AWG table provides a reference for selecting the appropriate gauge wire for a given current rating. Choose a wire gauge that can safely carry the expected current without overheating. It's important to consider factors like wire length, insulation, and ambient temperature when determining the appropriate wire gauge for a specific application.
The current-carrying capacity of a wire is influenced by factors like the wire material, temperature, insulation, and ambient conditions. In general, a 100mm wire can carry a few amperes of current in a typical household or low-power application. To determine the exact current capacity, it is advisable to consult the wire manufacturer's specifications or use an online current-carrying capacity calculator.
The current caring capacity of a wire is based on the physical size of the wire. The larger the diameter of the wire the more amperage the wire is allowed to carry.
12 swg current carrying capacity
The maximum current capacity for a 10 wire amp rating is typically around 30 amps.
Wire gauge capacity is taken from a table in the electrical code book.
The larger in diameter the wire is, the larger the current carrying capacity the wire has.