There really isn't a mechanism to do this, short of evacuating and recovering the refrigerant and weighing the recovered gas. This requires purpose-built equipment which is typically only found in a professional shop.
Did you check the AC fluid? That is sometimes the problem.
no
Depends on the ambient air temperature, humidity level, and type of refrigerant used.
how do you know if the air conditioner in your car works in the winter
An air conditioner in a car uses quite a bit of power. It is not unusual for a car to hesitate when the AC comes on.
check cooling fan
You will use more gas when your air conditioner is running.
most likely it is water coming from the air-conditioner unit. this water comes from the air that is cooled by the air-conditioner. the water is supposed to drain from the car when the car is level. OR, if the liquid is coloured it is from the engines cooling system. this means you have a leak and it is catching somewhere. when you reverse it runs out of the catchment.
Yes, it can.
no but bellends can
about 5 minutes
Alternator, air conditioner.