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From The OWL at Purdue (see related link), "Six or More Authors: Use the first author's name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses. Harris et al. (2001) argued... (Harris et al., 2001)".
Yes, the abbreviation "et al." should be italicized in academic writing to indicate that it is a foreign term. This helps to differentiate it from the rest of the text.
One primary source document related to Timbuktu is the "Tarikh al-Sudan" (The History of the Sudan) written by Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi in the 17th century. This text provides valuable insights into the history and culture of the West African region, including Timbuktu, during the medieval period.
AL, Ala or US-AL.
The first ionization of aluminum is Al(g) -> Al+(g) + e-
al abad الابد al azal الازل
text AL to 150
Ibn al-Nafis
Kayf al-haal?
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aluminum (Al) and oxygen (O₂) to form aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) is: [ 4 \text{ Al} + 3 \text{ O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{ Al}_2\text{O}_3 ] According to the balanced equation, 4 moles of aluminum (Al) produce 2 moles of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃). Therefore, if 4.0 moles of aluminum completely react, it will produce ( \frac{2}{4} \times 4.0 ) moles of aluminum oxide. Calculate that to find the answer.
carrrr- al
Al(MnO4)3