I do not understand if it is on the wall, floor... If mounted with nails, dig at the nail with a cat's paw and pry. Screws, unscrew. Glued down? Tough job. Break up and scrape away the glue off studs or floor. Good luck
Cut it just like it was plywood. Skill saw, table saw ect.
It's "code" for Particleboard.
Yes Get a "power planer"
Yes it is.
MDF uses a finer particle than particleboard. The result is a board that machines better ( more evenly) and has a nicer finish surface whereas particle board is used more in underlayment situations where the board will be hidden.
Some are burned on site, to create fields that can be farmed. Some are trucked out to paper mills, to be turned into paper. Others go to other mills, to be cut into boards, planks and beams. Maybe even turned into Masonite, MDF, Plywood, chipboard, particleboard etc.
The price would depend on the amount of work, grade of particleboard, any preparation or finishing work required, and the difficulty of accessing the work area. The material costs will be about $19 for a sheet (3/4" x 4' x 8'). The costs to put in underlayment for a floor will be a whole lot different than (for example) installing it in an attic ceiling. A word to the wise: Never ever ever install particleboard where it may become wet, or will be continuously exposed to high humidity.
The size,density and quality can be adjusted according to market desireFree from knots and checksMore isotropicCan be manufactured from the wood waste
With great difficulty and not much use. Below the laminate there's particleboard, which is pretty much useless as a table surface.
Particleboard is the most practicle substrate to use as the base. The thickness and density of the board determines the overall quality. Particleboard is used to apply adhesive and then some type of laminate like wood veneer, formica or a film or plastic based product. Working with solid hardwoods is an option but is much more expensive.
Insulation
Masonite is a thin type of fibreboard/particleboard with one glossy side and one textured side. Use it on the outside of a house and you get masonite siding.
The cheapest would be the stuff that people give to you. Old foam mattresses can be cut down to fill the pit, but you'll need hundreds of them. Plywood, OSB would do for the siding. Probably not particleboard or MDF though, not enough moisture resistance. You could try asking at a recycling centre or a demolition company if they can help you out.