You are confusing terms. Current is measured in amps or some fraction thereof. If you have a 24 volt battery (All batteries are DC) you need to connect a load to the battery and then measure the current that flows in the circuit. The current is measured in amps, milliamps or perhaps microamps for a very high resistance load.
Without knowing the current the power cannot be known. <<>> In the terms of more potential force, 24 volts is on a higher scale than 18 volts. What this allows is for longer distances to be used on the same amperage draw. It is this factor that changed car battery use from 6 volts to 12 volts. On a car 6 volt system fully loaded the car's headlights would hardly illuminate the road.
No
No
No
The general public can buy a Bosch 24V battery in many electronic shops. For example, Bestbuy sell the Bosch 24V battery for a very low price. There are many other shops and web-shops that sell them.
No, you need a 36 volt charger.
No it cannot.
A Makita 24V battery can be bought from Amazon, or purchased from a factory outlet store. Nearby factory outlet stores can be found online or in a phone book.
It is possible but it is too involved to explain here. You would need a printed circuit board and a schematic to build what you want.
You have to put a DC current ammeter between one pole of the battery and the place that particular wire goes to on the saw.. You would have to first remove the handle part of the saw and possibly disconnect the wire to the switch then measure between that wire and switch terminal. - As it is DC, there will of course be NO outlet ( as someone else has incorrectly suggested )
You need a DC power supply in order to connect a 24v DC motor to household power.
No, you need a 24 volt charger.