The name of your login shell is set when you log in - check the $SHELL environment variable. Note that this is a changeable environment variable so it isn't always accurate.
You could also use the 'finger' command or 'grep' through the password file to see what your login shell environment will be set to.
However, if you are in a subshell or child shell, you will need to check on the shell environment with the 'ps' command to see what the shell currently running might be.
You should be able to download the Unix Services for Windows, version 3.5, from Microsoft (free). There are other shell emulators that are available for Windows, which would allow you to use Unix type shell scripting without installing any additional OS. Your question about "virtual UNIX" is unclear ..
Your login shell can be changed by using the chsh or ypchsh command.
There is no "default" Unix shell. Different Unix vendors shipped different shells.
Make sure it is readable and executable (permissions). Then, just type in the name of the shell file to execute it.
Unix files do not rely on extensions, therefore there is no command to find them.
The first shell was 'sh', the Bourne Shell
A Unix shell can be obtained in Cygwin, a Unix compatibility layer used to compile Unix programs and run them on Windows. Microsoft also makes a shell known as "Windows PowerShell" which incorporates more Unix-like features than the standard command prompt.
The a default Unix shell is the shell that comes with and is activated initially with your distribution of Unix. The shell is essentially the program the runs the command line interface allowing someone to interact with their computer. Some examples are the Bourne-Again shell (bash) or the Bourne shell (sh).
It depends on the shell you are using, but a standard seems to be 1024 of the last commands.
The Korn shell.
The Z shell is a Bourne-compatible shell for Linux and Unix systems.
The 'who' command merely tells you the users that are logged in and when they logged in. It doesn't give any more information. The default shell for Unix can be different for different users; if you are talking about the login shell, then you can find out the login environment for users by either using the 'finger' command on an individual user, or looking at the /etc/passwd file. It will be the last field on each line for each user.