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To find the rock mass density the following technique may be used:
In order to find an object's density, you require information on it's mass (which you already have) and it's volume.
If the rock has been cut to a uniform shape, such as a cylinder or cube, this is a simple process and can be found by measuring the rock sample's dimensions and calculating the volume and then plugging those two numbers into the following formula:
Density = Mass / Volume
If however the rock specimen is a more complex shape (for instance a naturally weathered and eroded clast that has been found in the field with a highly irregular shape) then finding it's volume by measurement would be very complicated and would probably result in significant errors without complicated equipment.
A much more simple approach would be to immerse the object in a tank of water of known dimensions and observe the change in water level. The rock sample will displace a volume of water equal to it's own volume. As such, this change in water level multiplied by the width and length of the tank would equal the volume of the submerged rock and you can then plug this number into the equation above to find the density.
To find the solid density of the rock specimen in question the following methodology could be used:
As the majority of sedimentary rock are to some extent porous then the displaced volume may be the volume of the rock plus any entrapped air which could distort the result. If the porosity of the rock were such that all the entrapped air was displaced the result would be correct but there would always be an error factor to consider. As a rough and ready method of calculation immersion would work.
A more accurate method would be to use the same tank of water and place in it a container of sufficient size to hold the rock and remain afloat. Before placing the rock in the floating container calculate the displacement of the floating container in cubic centimetres (cc).
Place the rock in the floating container. The increase in displacement in cc equals the mass of the rock in cubic centimetres, divide the known weight of the rock (its mass at 1G) by the displaced volume of water in cc to obtain the density of the rock in grammes per cc.
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∙ 13y ago
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