I had a problem with an f-250, year 2000, not long ago. well, one among several.
Vents default to defrost if there's a vaccum problem. Where I found the problem was under the hood, up high, firewall side of the battery. There's a platic container there which I think is a vaccum reservoir. The problem wasn't there but in a device mounted next to it (about 2"x2" in size with a small diaphragm and 2 vaccum hose on it. I think it's some sort of regulator for the vaccum controls to the 4 wheel drive locks. Anyhow, that thing wasn't working right for whatever reason, must have had an air leak. I replaced it and the vents worked in all positions.
If you want to test to see if that is the problem take the hoses off and plug them (I used a small stick) or if you have 2 people have one person hold finger over the hose and someone else check to see if the vent moves to other positions.
I just tried the above solution but instead of buying a new part I hit the mentioned diaphram with a small 2x2 stick and it started to work. I will let you know if it continues to work.
vacuum leak. look at the vac pump under the hood on the pass side and check the hoses for dry rot or cracks
In many cases leaves can cause smoke to blow through the defrost of a 1990 Ford F 150
Perhaps a stuck door in the HVAC system or a blockage in the ducts.
Some ford truck hvac systems will default to the defrost setting if the is a problem with the electrical or vaccum parts of the system. I encountered a ford truck that had a mouse living under the hood and chewed through the vacuum hoses and would only blow on defrost.Do a good visual check including electrical,such as fuses etc...
I have a 2002 F250 that had the same problem. It turned out to be a short in the wire coming from the cruise control on the shift lever.
most likely it is the duct the factory default is the defrost mode however the fan can come off the fan motor
the heat blows out the defrost when it should blow out floor vents only
Blocked heater core, faulty heater valve, disconnected connection to the heater valve.
recharge ac
Ck the heater fan motor resistor .
A fan in the system.
on your car it is a defalt mode for air to blow out defrost when there is no vacumn from the engine so you should look for a broken vacum line or see if it has come unplugged on the engine.