Do not attempt to "fix" ammunition. Dispose of it properly. Ask your local police for help.
Brass
Certainly. Or, you can use a competent independent gunsmith - sounds like an easy fix. www.countrygunsmith.net
Gun is dirty- needs cleaning and lube. Parts worn, parts broken. Start with a proper cleaning and lube. If that does not fix the issue, have a gunsmith inspect parts. And it is a Handi-Rifle, not handy.
the 22 long rifle holds 11 cartridges
Yes it will as well as 22 short and long rifle, but the rifle will only shoot the 22 LR shells as a Semi auto and the shorts and longs you will have to manually cycle the gun by hand
This gun is a Rifle
Mortars, artillery shells especially shrapnell, hand grenades and rifle grenades.
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO DO THIS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Yes
A trench of a foxhole
RCBS will.
If you can find reloading components, yes.