Because copyright is automatic, very few new works are not protected; typically anything you encounter online, for example, will be protected by copyright unless it specifically says otherwise.
For older works, it depends when it was made, where, and by whom.
Yes.
If the photo is copyrighted, maybe.
as long as it is not copyrighted, there should be no issue.
You will have to make substantial changes in order to call it your own.
yes
I would assume only logos and trademarks would be copyrighted. If you give more detail and information of what you like to know is copyrighted i will try and help further
Happy birthday is actually a copyrighted song. I don't know who by, but someone must be making heaps!
Unless it would qualify as "fair use" you will need to ask permission of the copyright holder.
You dont. The burden is on the user.
so you could know that it is copyrighted
Anything you create, when created in a tangible form such as a picture, or musical notation, is copyrighted. Intellectual copyright is automatic, it does not need to be registered with anyone. It is safe to assume therefore that any music is still copyrighted to their owner, unless that owner has specifically said he has relinquished it.
The first Pokemon was Rhydon, But Mew was the first pokemon to be Copyrighted. Nintendo, at the time, didn't even know that he was apart of the game.