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How do you know what kind of eruption a volcano will have?

Updated: 8/20/2019
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12y ago

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There are several ways to determine what type of eruption a volcano will have. However, the answer is not very straight forward. Although different types of volcanoes are known for different types of eruptions, they can produce other types of eruptions that they are not typically known for. For example, Hawaiian volcanoes, although known for their flowing lava and fire fountains have in recent years been discovered to have very explosive eruptions as well. Another example on the opposite spectrum is Mt. St. Helens. Although categorized for its spectacular explosive eruption in May 1980, its eruptions since that time have been categorized through lava dome building, and not explosive activity.

Predicting which type of eruptions volcanoes will produce is something that even the most experienced volcanologists have been wrong about in the past. The determining factors of such eruptions are the amount of seismic activity, the amount of volcanic gas that is being released, as well as the deformation that has taken place through the period of unrest for the volcano. Although these can help scientists determine what a potential eruption will produce, the best evidence is understanding the past events that have occurred at a volcano.

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Q: How do you know what kind of eruption a volcano will have?
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