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Car tires are marked on the sidewall with a size code. The first part of this is usually a letter. If there is no letter it is a euro metric size for use on European cars and vans and light trucks. The letter P is for a passenger vehicle ( also metric size ), T is for temporary spare, LT is light truck metric, C is for commercial trucks capable of carrying a heavier load, ST is for special trailer not for use on cars or trucks and one that the first set of digits ends in LT is older that is used for trucks that carry heavy loads.
The next part of the code is three numbers that indicate the section width in millimeters. Next there is a slash and two more digits. This gives us a ratio with the first set of three numbers and is called the "aspect ratio." For instance a car with P225/50 in the begining of a code tells us it's a passenger vehicle tire that is 225 mm wide and 112.5 mm ( 50% of 225 mm ) from inner to outer diameter of the tire.
After the aspect ratio is another letter. R refers to radial tire, D to a bias ply tire, B is for a belted tire and RF or ZRF is for a run flat tire ( can drive on it while completely deflated ),
Then the code has more digits that refer to the rim diameter or inner diameter of the tire. If there are two digits this diameter is measured in inches. If there are three digits the diameter is expressed in millimeters.
Lastly there is a service indicator ( speed and load ) giving the year of the government's requirement on tires that started in 1991.
So a P225/50 R16 91S is a tire for a passenger car that is 225 mm wide 112.5 mm tall, is a steel belted radial with a 16 inch inner diameter that complies with the speed and load requirements of 1991.
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